We took into account interference with normal and superfluid motions. A multimedia cdrom tutorial on the physics and engineering concepts of superconducting magnets for particle accelerators is being developed under a u. Material property change rapidly with respect to temperature and magnetic field. The quench propagation is modelled with the sequential coupled electric thermal analysis resulting in. A superconducting wire like those often used in magnets.
Manufacturers of superconducting wire and suppliers. This feature, for example, enables the convenient display of tensor quantities at a point, which is particularly useful for modeling piezoelectric devices. If you do not yet have a comsol access account, please create one now. Comsol multiphysics is a generalpurpose simulation software for modeling designs, devices, and processes in all fields of engineering, manufacturing, and scientific research. Superconducting magnets components show highly nonlinear behaviour during a quench loss of superconductivity. An adiabatic model has been constructed, to solve one of the five boundary value problems involved in the quench, both in ansys and in comsol. Comsol multiphysics is a simulation platform that encompasses all of the steps in the modeling workflow from defining geometries, material properties, and the physics that describe specific phenomena to solving and postprocessing models for producing accurate and trustworthy results. First i performed a frequency domain study frequency. Geometry of this study is created in 2d axisymmetric space dimension. Finiteelement simulations of hysteretic alternating current losses in a magnetically coated superconducting tubular wire subject to an oscillating transverse magnetic field. Included is a walkthrough on how to select the spatial dimension, physics, and. Various configurations of split pair and multiaxis designs are possible through the use of multiple solenoids in series or operated independently to affect the magnetic forces on a. Femlab heat transfer tutorial rev rowan university. In an attempt to unveil the impact of the material law selection on the numerical modelling and analysis of the electromagnetic properties of superconducting coils, in this paper we compare the four most common approaches to the ej power laws that serve as a modelling tool for the conductivity properties of the second generation of hightemperature superconducting 2ghts tapes.
In the present work, a benchmark on the 3d numerical modeling of a superconducting bulk is introduced. The model calculates current densityfield distribution in a superconducting wire in the. You can even use these entries as a starting point for your own. Florida state university, tallahassee, fl continuous fields dc, resistive magnet up to 45 tesla university of florida, gainesville, fl continuous fields up to 21 t combined with some of the lowest. Electrical insulation is provided by the insulation on the wire and by the epoxy between each turn. Dc characterization of a circular, epoxy impregnated high. To access any comsol files, you need to have a comsol account which can be created for free. The text above is not a piece of advice to remove comsol multiphysics 5. A summary of the tutorial series can be found in this blog post. This manual gives you an introduction to modeling in femlab by taking you through the basic steps of the modeling process, from generating the geometry to postprocessing. Magnetic flux penetration and ac loss in a composite superconducting wire with ferromagnetic parts. To model such a material, this example uses the magnetic field formulation physics interface. This tutorial shows how to couple three physics interfaces to model evaporative cooling.
Vortex dynamics in type ii superconductors dachuan lu kuang yaming honors school, nanjing university. Pdf simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric. Submit a plot similar to figure 52 in the documentation. Superconducting materials have zero resistivity up to a certain critical current density, above which the resistivity increases rapidly. Comsol lep tutorial for tank flow system two cstr in series. Durrell, and jin zou, student member, ieee abstractdirect current dc characterization of high temperature superconducting hts coils is important for hts. It is available in html and pdf format from the comsol help desk. Comsol multiphysics software understand, predict, and optimize.
Because the direction of poling imparts anisotropy to the material response, it is critical. Fast 2d simulation of superconductors comsol multiphysics. Basics of superconducting magnets cryomagnetics, inc. Replacing bulk superconductors by the multilayer cc tape. The device is poled along the radial direction of the sphere, requiring the definition of a new local system of coordinates. Superconductivity by joe khachan and stephen bosi the discovery of superconductors the phenomenon of superconductivity, in which the electrical resistance of certain materials completely vanishes at low temperatures, is one of the most interesting and sophisticated in condensed matter physics. Magnetization of superconducting tube computed in 3d. Ac losses in coated conductors institute of physics.
When i wind it into a magnet, it is more like a disk coil, or racetrack coil. Electric field of a charged sphere texas state university. Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting cable. The set of tdgl equations for superconductors with finite gap was used in full. The user can simulate a design, test for the capacitance and observe the effects on capacitance by changing parameters such as dielectric permittivity of materials. Hysteresis losses in a twisted filamentary superconducting wire are calculated for various cases corresponding to complete penetration of the magnetic field into the wire, shielding of the field. To put it more into perceptive it has a width and height. Lets see how the flexibility and functionality of the comsol multiphysics software helped them to simulate this complex design. Solved with comsol multiphysics 43a 2012 comsol 1 superconducting wire superconducting wire current can flow in a superconducting wire with practically zero resistance, although factors including temperature, current density, and magnetic field can limit this phenomenon this model solves a timedependent problem of a current building up in a superconducting wire close. Comsol access is a service we provide to our users and prospects. Introduction to comsol multiphysics 19982012 comsol. Superconducting wire also known as superconducting strand is the basic element of the. You can also learn more about modeling cable systems by watching this archived webinar. With comsol, it is also possible to observe the effects of temperature on the capacitance value.
When modeling a superconducting magnet, one of the challenges is accounting for the number of half turns. The tutorial, scheduled for distribution this year, is intended for undergraduate junior or senior level science students, and portions will also be. The entire geometry of the superconducting wire model. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and magnetic. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and magnetic behavior of high temperature superconductors. Can any one help me in modelling superconducting wires in comsol. Within the wire, it increases linearly outwards from the centerline, and outside of the wire it falls off as 1r, where r is the radius. Mt241pobj08 1 dc characterization of a circular, epoxyimpregnated high temperature superconducting hts coil di hu, student member, ieee, mark d. The magnetic field, b, exists within and outside of the wire. In superconductor science and technology, 2009, vol. To model such a material, this example uses the magnetic field formulation physics interface the model was based on a suggestion by dr. Superconducting wire also known as superconducting strand is the basic element of the superconducting magnet coils. Modeling of high temperature superconducting tapes, arrays and.
In this paper simulation of the alternating current loss ac loss in a high temperature superconducting tape and a hts cable having 4 layers of polygon conductors using comsol multiphysics software has been reported. Superconductor science and technology 2008 volume 21, number 10. How can i simulate a superconducting transition in comsol. Basic concepts and applications with matlab, maple, and comsol, 3 rd edition darrell w.
A third book, the acdc module reference guide, contains reference material about application mode implementations and commandline programming. Analysis of quench propagation using coupled electrical. The wet surface feature is used to implement the source term for the water vapor and to. Tutorial for running comsol files from comsol website. Simulation of electrothermal transients in superconducting accelerator magnets with comsol multiphysics lorenzo bortot1, marco prioli1, arjan verweij1, bernhard auchmann 1, michal maciejewski1,2 1. Capacitive sensor design using comsol provides the user with a wide variety of tools. Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol blog. Panjiva uses over 30 international data sources to help you find qualified vendors of superconducting wire. Pulsed magnetic fields up to 100 tesla, single turn up to. Their purpose is to assist you in learning, by example, how to model sophisticated electromagnetic components. So, to compute the magnetic field and the magnetic energy distributions we build a model based on maxwells equations, in this case amperes law.
The most basic of superconducting magnets is a simple solenoid in which a wire form of superconducting material is wound around a coil form. The primary goal of the thesis is to build a 1d numerical model representing a superconducting wire based on existing physical models. The bscco bulk materials is a good option for low dc magnetic field, however, for ac applications. Title of thesis quench simulation of superconducting magnets with commercial multiphysics software. The problem is t ackled by five independent teams using six different numerical models. Comsol lep tutorial for tank flow system two cstr in series step 1. The available the available study types are listed in table 11 with column definitions after the table. Mtc superconducting wire mgb2 htc superconducting wire bismuth tape ybc engineering current density j eng j commercial. The implementation in the commercially available fem software comsol is. Well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. Finiteelement simulations of hysteretic alternating.
Simulation of ac loss in high temperature superconducting. The effects that need to be taken into account are heat transfer, transport of water vapor, and fluid flow. Comsol is the developer of comsol multiphysics software, an interactive environment for modeling and simulating scientific and engineering problems. The geometry of coil created in comsol using acdc module is shown in fig. Abrahamsen 3 1 2 3 presented at the comsol conference 2009 milan motivation phd project. The applications main executable file has a size of 126. Photograph of an example of a superconducting wire commonly used in magnets. The model calculates current densityfield distribution in a superconducting wire in the presence of a timedependent transport current, background field or combination thereof. Simulation setup for modeling the thermal, electric, and. This tutorial shows how to model the acoustic waves generated in air by a hollow spherical piezoelectric material. Jan 16, 2015 watch this tutorial video to discover how using the model wizard simplifies setting up a comsol multiphysics model. Introduction 5 introduction the acdc module is used by engineers and scientists to understand, predict, and design electric and magnetic fields in statics and lowfrequency applications.
Building an electrothermal model of a superconducting magnet. Presented results were obtained with assuming 10 um thick superconducting layer and 370 a of tapes critical current. Nonlinear, temperature dependent electrical and thermal parameters are assumed. Magnetic cloak is a special kind of magnetic shield, and the shielding effect itself is mostly given by superconducting part. Open chapter and click on comsol tab present in the bottom of the page step 2. Comsol multiphysics and its gui but would like to learn more about how to set up a certain model. May comsol multiphysics 3 enhancing transmission line performance. Comparison of the ac losses of bscco and ybco conductors by means of. Modeling superconductivity in a ybco wire comsol multiphysics. Tutorial for running comsol files from comsol website step 1. Computation of superconducting wind turbine generators.
Figure 3e shows the nbti type superconducting strand where tiny 7 m nbti filaments are bundled together in a number of hexagons and embedded in a copper matrix 1. Currentvoltage characteristic and the ac losses of the coil were measured and compared with. Hi, i was trying to model a tape of superconducting material. Integgq fral equations for the current densit y in thin conductors and their solution b yy f the finiteelement method. This work was supported under grants apvv 150257 and 16 0418. For more information on how to work with the comsol multiphysics. Ami superconducting magnets are typically wound using conductors comprised of many filaments of a superconducting material embedded in a copper matrix and twisted along its axis to insure optimum performance of the superconductor.
It also provides you with a list of resources for more indepth technical information. Numerical modelling of quench behaviour in superconducting. Electric field of a charged sphere, brice williams, wim geerts, summer 20, 4 so summarizing, the above shows that the spatial distribution of the electric field given by a solution of poissons or laplaces equations correspond to a state of minimum field energy integrated over the systems volume. This creates circular variable dependency, and thus cannot be modeled as easily as id like. May 06, 2014 well use the magnetic field formulation interface available in comsol multiphysics to simulate changes in current density and magnetic flux over time, which is measured from the moment that current begins flowing through the wire. Modelling superconducting wires in comsol multphysics. Physics procedia 36 2012 1195 a 1205 18753892 2012 published by elsevier b. Because it has a different geometry than most other. More in depth and advanced topics included with this tutorial are used to show you.
The current density in a superconductor, j s,isexpressedinterms of the difference between the vector potential of the actual. The application gallery features comsol multiphysics. In addition to using multiphysics modeling for your own projects, you can also turn your models into simulation applications and. How to choose the superconducting material law for the. Superconducting magnet with hts wire physics forums. I have been performing some simulations in comsol using a cube 0. The wire is at the center, while the outer domain is air. This page only contains detailed info on how to remove comsol multiphysics 5. Set up the model environment in comsol multiphysics 18. Following the steps given in the documentation of the comsol heat conduction in a slab tutorial see next page. Tdgl has successfully applied to this problem decades ago and most recently, the visibility of solutions has been enhanced by engaging comsol s power. The simulation results for the single rectangular tape are verified with the norris equation for a hts tape.